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| parent = | geology= Volcanic; uplifted and faulted | geology1= | period= Triassic, Cretaceous, and Neogene (Miocene epoch) | period1= | length_mi=51 | length_orientation=north–south | width_mi=36 | width_orientation=west–east | area_mi2=811 | area_note =including surrounding non-mountainous areas | highest= Orevada View Benchmark | elevation_ft=8506 | lat_d=41 | lat_m=58 | lat_s=46 | lat_NS=N | long_d=118 | long_m=13 | long_s=23 | long_EW=W | coordinates_note=〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Orevada View Benchmark, Nevada )〕 | range_lat_d=42 | range_lat_m=06 | range_lat_NS=N | range_long_d=118 | range_long_m=17 | range_long_s=34 | range_long_EW=W | range_coordinates_note=〔 | photo= Disaster Peak and wildflowers.jpg | photo_size= 275 | photo_caption=Disaster Peak and spring wildflowers in 2013 | photo_alt=Blooming wildflowers in front of rocky terrain | map=Oregon | map_size= | map_caption=Location of the Trout Creek Mountains in Oregon | map_alt=Map of Oregon showing the location of the Trout Creek Mountains }} The Trout Creek Mountains are a remote, semi-arid Great Basin mountain range mostly in southeastern Oregon and partially in northern Nevada in the United States. The range's highest point is Orevada View Benchmark, above sea level, in Nevada. Disaster Peak, elevation , is another prominent summit in the Nevada portion of the mountains. The mountains are characteristic of the Great Basin's topography of mostly parallel mountain ranges alternating with flat valleys. Oriented generally north to south, the Trout Creek Mountains consist primarily of fault blocks of basalt, which came from an ancient volcano and other vents, on top of older metamorphic rocks. The southern end of the range, however, features many granitic outcrops. As a whole, the faulted terrain is dominated by rolling hills and ridges cut by escarpments and canyons. Most of the range is public land administered by the federal Bureau of Land Management. There is very little human development in the remote region—cattle grazing and ranching are the primary human uses—but former mines at the McDermitt Caldera produced some of the largest amounts of mercury in North America in the 20th century. Public lands in the mountains are open to recreation but are rarely visited. Vegetation includes large swaths of big sagebrush in addition to desert grasses and cottonwood and alder stands. Sage grouse and mountain chickadee are two bird species native to the range, and common mammals include pronghorn and jackrabbits. Despite the area's dry climate, a few year-round streams provide habitat for the rare Lahontan cutthroat trout. Fish populations in the Trout Creek Mountains declined throughout much of the 20th century. In the 1980s, the effects of grazing allotments on riparian zones and the fish led to land-use conflict. The Trout Creek Mountain Working Group was formed in 1988 to help resolve disagreements among livestock owners, environmentalists, government agencies, and other interested parties. The stakeholders met and agreed on changes to land-use practices, and since the early 1990s, riparian zones have begun to recover. == Geography == The Trout Creek Mountains are in a very remote area of southeastern Oregon and northern Nevada,〔 in Harney and Humboldt counties.〔 The nearest human settlements are the Whitehorse Ranch, about directly north from the middle of the mountains; Fields, Oregon, about to the northwest; Denio, Nevada, about to the west; and McDermitt, Nevada–Oregon, about to the east.〔 The distances given are each measured in a straight line connecting two points.〕〔 The mountains are about directly southwest of Boise, Idaho, and about northeast of Reno, Nevada.〔 The range and surrounding non-mountainous areas cover an area of . The mountains run north to south and east to west. More of the range is in Oregon (78%) than in Nevada (22%). The highest point in the range is Orevada View Benchmark, which is above sea level and is located in Nevada about one mile south of the Oregon border.〔〔 About two miles southeast of Orevada View is Disaster Peak,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Disaster Peak, Nevada )〕 "a large, symmetrical butte that is visible throughout the region." At , Disaster Peak anchors the southern end of the mountains in a sub-range called The Granites.〔 The Oregon Canyon Mountains border the Trout Creek Mountains on the east along the Harney–Malheur county line (according to the United States Geological Survey's definitions),〔〔 while the Pueblo Mountains are the next range west of the Trout Creek Mountains. The Bilk Creek Mountains in both Oregon and Nevada border the Trout Creek Mountains on the southwest; the two ranges are separated by Log Cabin Creek and South Fork Cottonwood Creek. South of the Trout Creek Mountains is the Kings River Valley, which separates the Bilk Creek Mountains on the west from the Montana Mountains on the east. The terrain in the Trout Creek Mountains varies from broad, flat basins and rolling ridges to high rock escarpments cut by deep canyons. The canyons have steep walls with loose talus slopes at the bottoms. There are meadows around springs in the mountains, although most streams in the range do not flow year-round.〔 Major streams that flow off the north slopes of the mountains include (from west to east) Cottonwood Creek, Trout Creek, Willow Creek, and Whitehorse Creek. These streams all flow into endorheic basins in Harney County, Oregon. Trout Creek and Whitehorse Creek are the largest of the four.〔〔 The Kings River and McDermitt Creek each drain an area on the south slopes of the Trout Creek Mountains.〔 The Kings River begins in The Granites and flows south into Nevada, where it meets the Quinn River, which evaporates in the Black Rock Desert.〔 McDermitt Creek begins in Oregon a few miles north of The Granites and flows generally east, crossing the Oregon–Nevada border five times before disappearing into the floor of the Quinn River Valley south of McDermitt.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trout Creek Mountains」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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